Alabama Motorcycle Laws

The Short Answer:

Alabama has specific laws for motorcycle riders designed to promote safety and reduce the risk of accidents. If you plan to ride a motorcycle in Alabama, you must have a valid Class M license and wear a DOT-approved helmet at all times. Lane splitting is illegal, and riders may NOT travel more than 2 abreast in a single lane. Motorcycles must also be insured, registered, and equipped with working safety features.

These rules apply to all motorcycle operators and passengers, regardless of experience level. Failing to follow them can result in fines, points on your license, or increased liability in the event of a collision.

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Key Takeaways

• You need a Class M license to ride a motorcycle legally in Alabama.
• Helmets and shoes are required for both riders and passengers—no exceptions.
• Lane splitting is not allowed. Only 2 motorcycles can ride side-by-side in one lane.
• Motorcycles must be insured, with at least $25,000/$50,000/$25,000 in liability coverage.
• Your bike must meet safety standards, including working lights, mirrors, brakes, and turn signals.
• Passengers are only allowed if your bike is built for 2 and has passenger footpegs.

License Rules for Alabama Motorcycle Riders

To operate a motorcycle in Alabama, riders must have a valid Class M license. This requirement applies to anyone 16 or older. For younger riders, ages 14 to 15, the state offers a restricted license, but only for motor-driven cycles with 5 horsepower or less. Riders must also carry their license at all times while on the road and present it to law enforcement if asked. Failing to do so can lead to citations or other penalties.

Helmet and Required Gear

Alabama law sets specific gear requirements for motorcycle riders:

• Helmets are mandatory for all riders and passengers and must meet DOT safety standards
• Required helmet features include a hard outer shell, shock-absorbent lining, and a secure chin strap
• Footwear is required. Riding barefoot or in sandals is not allowed
• Additional protective gear, like jackets, gloves, and boots, is strongly recommended to reduce injury risk in a crash

Motorcycle Equipment Checklist

To be street legal in Alabama, your motorcycle must meet the following requirements:

Working brakes on both wheels

Headlights and taillights that function properly

Mirrors for rear visibility

Mufflers are in good condition

Turn signals that work on both sides

Handlebars no more than 15 inches above the seat

Brake light use is encouraged to alert other drivers, especially in stop-and-go traffic

Keeping all components in good working order is not optional. It’s required by law!

Passenger and Cargo Restrictions

If you plan to carry a passenger, your motorcycle must be built for it. Alabama law prohibits passengers unless the bike has a proper seat and footpegs for a second rider. In addition, riders must keep both hands on the handlebars at all times, meaning you cannot carry items in your hands while operating the motorcycle. 

Clinging to or being towed by another vehicle, such as grabbing a bumper or having your motorcycle pulled, is also against the law and considered extremely dangerous.

Lane Rules and Road Positioning

Alabama law clearly defines how motorcycles must share the road with other vehicles. Lane splitting (riding between rows of stopped or slow-moving traffic) is strictly prohibited. Riders are entitled to the full use of a lane, but no more than 2 motorcycles may ride side-by-side in a single lane. Motorcycles are not allowed to pass another vehicle within the same lane, even if there appears to be enough space. 

These rules help reduce confusion for other drivers and lower the risk of crashes caused by sudden or unexpected lane changes.

Insurance Rules for Alabama Riders

To legally ride a motorcycle in Alabama, you must carry a minimum amount of liability insurance. The required coverage includes $25,000 for bodily injury to 1 person, $50,000 for bodily injury to 2 or more people, and $25,000 for property damage. Alternatively, a combined single limit of $75,000 is acceptable. This type of insurance helps cover the cost of injuries or damage if you’re found responsible for an accident. 

Operating an uninsured motorcycle is illegal and could result in fines, license suspension, or other penalties. Keeping your insurance current is a basic but necessary part of staying legal on the road.

Rules for Dirt Bikes, Mopeds & Scooters

Not all 2-wheeled vehicles are treated the same under Alabama law. Dirt bikes are not considered street legal unless they’ve been modified to meet road-use standards and properly registered. Mopeds and scooters under 150cc fall under the category of motor-driven cycles, which come with their own licensing and operation rules. 

Riders aged 14 to 15 may obtain a restricted license, but it only applies to these low-power motor-driven cycles and not full motorcycles.

Other Alabama Motorcycle Laws To Know

Alabama does not offer any kind of “grandfather clause” for riders who never obtained a motorcycle license in the past. All riders must meet current licensing requirements. 

Additionally, headlights must be on at all times, even during the day, to improve visibility. Turn signals are required for all lane changes and turns, and local parking ordinances may require motorcycles to park parallel to the curb. 

These smaller rules can still affect your safety and your legal standing on the road.

Injured While Riding? Floyd Hunter Injury Law Is Here To Help

A motorcycle crash can leave you with serious injuries, high medical bills, and a long road to recovery. If someone else was at fault, you shouldn’t be left to deal with it alone. At Floyd Hunter Injury Law, our motorcycle accident attorneys are here to fight for the compensation you’re potentially owed. We understand the laws that apply to Alabama riders, and we know how to stand up to the insurance companies. Get in touch today for a free consultation, and let us help you move forward.